Kapaleeshwarar Temple: History, Architecture, and Significance

The Kapaleeshwarar Temple, located in the vibrant neighborhood of Mylapore, Chennai, is one of the most revered Shiva temples in South India. Dedicated to Lord Shiva (as Kapaleeshwarar) and Goddess Parvati (as Karpagambal), this temple is a masterpiece of Dravidian architecture and a center of spiritual and cultural heritage.

Historical Significance

• Age & Origins: Believed to date back to the 7th century CE (Pallava period), though the current structure was rebuilt in the 16th century by the Vijayanagara kings.

• Mythological Connection: Associated with the legend of Lord Shiva taking the form of a peacock (Mayil) to worship his consort, giving Mylapore its name (Mayil + Oor = “Peacock Town”).

• Tamil Literature: Mentioned in the 7th-8th century Shaiva canonical work, Tevaram, by saints Appar and Sambandar.

Architectural Splendor

The temple showcases classic Dravidian temple architecture, featuring:
✔ Gopurams (Towering Gateways): The eastern Rajagopuram (120 ft tall) is adorned with intricate stucco figures of gods, goddesses, and mythological scenes.
✔ Mandapams (Pillared Halls): The Arupathimoovar Mandapam honors the 63 Shaivite saints (Nayanmars).
✔ Tank & Courtyard: The temple tank (Kapali Theertham) is used for ritual bathing.
✔ Vahanas (Divine Vehicles): The temple houses elaborately carved processional chariots, including a silver-plated peacock vahana for Goddess Karpagambal.

 

Religious Importance & Worship

• Main Deities:

  • Kapaleeshwarar (Shiva): Worshiped as a lingam in the sanctum.

  • Karpagambal (Parvati): Depicted in a separate shrine, symbolizing grace and abundance.

• Daily Rituals:

  • Six pujas conducted daily, including the pre-dawn Ushakkala Pooja.

  • Abhishekam (sacred bathing) with milk, honey, and sandalwood.

• Festivals:

  • Arupathimoovar Festival (Mar-Apr): A grand procession honoring the 63 Nayanmars.

  • Panguni Peruvizha (Mar-Apr): The 10-day Brahmotsavam, featuring the celestial wedding of Shiva & Parvati.

  • Navaratri & Deepavali: Special decorations and cultural performances.

Cultural & Tourist Highlights

• Mylapore’s Spiritual Hub: The temple is surrounded by traditional music halls (Sabhas), flower markets, and street food stalls.

• Music & Dance: Hosts Carnatic music concerts during December’s Margazhi Festival.

• Nearby Attractions:

  • San Thome Basilica (Christian landmark).

  • Mylapore Tank & Markets (for souvenirs and prasadam).

Visitor Information

• Location: Kutchery Road, Mylapore, Chennai – 600004.

• Timings: 5:30 AM – 12:00 PM | 4:00 PM – 9:30 PM.

• Dress Code: Traditional attire preferred (dhoti/saree).

• Best Time to Visit: Early mornings or during festivals.